has received grant support through his institution from Sage Products and BioMérieux. T1 - Ventilator-associated tracheitis in children Furthermore, prolonged antibiotic courses were associated with a significantly increased risk of subsequent MDRO acquisition.", Conclusion s.A prolonged course of antibiotics for VAT does not appear to protect against progression to HAP or VAP compared with short-course therapy. Factors associated with subsequent MDRO colonization or infection included prolonged-course antibiotic therapy (HR, 5.15 95% CI, 1.54-7.19), receipt of combination antibiotic therapy (HR, 3.24 95% CI, 1.54-6.82), and days of hospital exposure prior to completing antibiotic therapy (HR, 1.08 95% CI, 1.04-1.12). Prolonged-course antibiotics were not protective against subsequent development of HAP or VAP (hazard ratio, 1.08 95% confidence interval, 0.40-2.91). Of the 1616 patients intubated for at least 48 h, 150 received antibiotics for clinician-suspected VAT, although only 118 of these patients met VAT criteria. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children ≤18 years of age hospitalized in the intensive care unit and intubated for ≥48 h from January 2007 through December 2009 who received antibiotic therapy for VAT. The secondary objective was to determine whether prolonged-course therapy was more likely to result in the acquisition of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) compared with short-course therapy. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether prolonged-course (≥7 days in duration) therapy for VAT was more protective against progression to hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) or ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), compared with short-course antibiotics (<7 days in duration). The optimal duration of antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated tracheitis (VAT) has not been defined, which may result in unnecessarily prolonged courses of antibiotics. Furthermore, prolonged antibiotic courses were associated with a significantly increased risk of subsequent MDRO acquisition.Ībstract = "Background.
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